How Prosecco is Made

Here's an overview of how Prosecco is made:

1. Harvesting

  • Grapes: The primary grape used is Glera, though other varieties like Verdiso, Perera, and Bianchetta can be blended in small quantities.

  • Timing: Grapes are usually harvested early to retain their acidity, which is crucial for sparkling wines.

2. Pressing

  • Destemming and Crushing: The harvested grapes are destemmed and gently crushed to extract the juice.

  • Must: The juice, known as must, is then clarified to remove any solids.

3. Fermentation

  • First Fermentation: The clarified must undergoes the first fermentation in stainless steel tanks at controlled temperatures. This process converts the grape sugars into alcohol and results in a still wine.

  • Base Wine: The result of the first fermentation is a base wine, which is then filtered and stabilized.

4. Secondary Fermentation (Charmat Method)

  • Tank Fermentation: The base wine is transferred to a pressurized tank. Sugar and yeast are added to initiate the second fermentation.

  • Carbonation: During this fermentation, carbon dioxide is produced, which dissolves into the wine, creating bubbles.

  • Temperature Control: The temperature is carefully controlled to ensure the process is slow and steady, enhancing the wine's flavor and aroma profile.

5. Filtration and Bottling

  • Filtration: After the secondary fermentation, the wine is filtered to remove the yeast sediment.

  • Bottling: The filtered sparkling wine is then bottled under pressure to retain the carbonation.

6. Aging

  • Resting: Prosecco typically does not require long aging. It is usually ready to be enjoyed soon after bottling, although some premium versions may benefit from a short period of aging.